Church and culture so that Christ’s redeeming work could be applied to the modern world. That was, they believed, the only way to save the culture. It was also the only way for the Church to be who she was called to be. Pope John XXIII, however, didn’t call the Second Vatican Council to change the Church. He called it to change the world. By 1958, the fruits of modernism were in full flower in the West. Some of those fruits were good, i.e. better standards of living, education,
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